Despite its diminutive size, pipsissewa (Chimaphila umbellata) can be found in the Peterson Field Guide for Trees and Shrubs. This subshrub, which grows only 4 to 10 inches high, is described as a “creeping evergreen” (it spreads through underground runners), and as “hardly woody”. Pipsissewa can be identified by its whorls of leathery, shiny, coarsely toothed leaves. The dried 5-capsuled fruits produced by its stalked flowers often remain on the plant throughout much of the winter as well, providing additional evidence for identification. The capsules are about ¼ inch in diameter, with a distinct circular cap. 

Pipsissewa can be found growing in dense patches along on the forest floor, commonly in areas with sandy soils in oak-pine forests. The genus name Chimaphila comes from the Latin cheima, meaning winter, and phileo, meaning to love, essentially translating to “winter loving” – a fitting name for a plant that remains green year-round. Despite its evergreen habit, which means photosynthesis is always possible, pipsissewa actually receives a significant portion of its nutrition from fungi in the soil. It is a partial myco-heterotroph, which means it is a parasitic plant partner in a relationship with soil fungi.